1. Research Center of Ocean Economy and Sustainable Development, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian Liaoning 116029, China;
2. School of Architecture and Fine Art, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian liaoning 116024, China
Spatial Differentiation and Equalization of Medical Service Based on Accessibility of Urban Public Transport: A Case Study of Dalian
GUO Jian-ke1, QIU Yu-kun1, BAI Jia-yuan2, WANG Li1
1. Research Center of Ocean Economy and Sustainable Development, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian Liaoning 116029, China;
2. School of Architecture and Fine Art, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian liaoning 116024, China
摘要Health care services are the core elements of the urban public service system. Hospital accessibility network and its decision network system of health care services play a decisive role in the facilitation of medical treatment for urban residents. A distribution map of hospitals in the main city of Dalian is generated using ArcGIS software. The average reach time of medical treatment in each district is calculated using the network analysis module. The average time of arrival is denoted as the evaluation index to discuss the accessibility of public transportation and private cars during peak and non-peak hours, as well as the spatial distribution characteristics and differences of each district and hospital. Moran's I index and LISA local clustering model are used to explore areas of inadequate medical services. The minimum available time of each district is set as a standard, the hinterland of medical service in hospitals at all levels was delimited, and the reasons for its formation were analyzed. Research shows that (1) the overall accessibility of medical care in the downtown district of Dalian is better, and the accessibility of peak and peak hours is in a circle. Relative to private cars, public transport at peak hours has obvious advantages for medical treatment. Peak and non-peak hours are quite different, average peak time average peak area of 10-20 min in a larger proportion of the cell, reaching 68.1%; (2) The hospital accessibility level is generally good, with a coverage area of 96.53% in 30min.. From the core area to the peripheral area, the influence of traffic resistance on reachability gradually increases. (3) The level of equalization of medical services at the street level is obviously different, and the overall spatial autocorrelation is weak. (4) Within each medical hinterland, the number and distance of the hospital's medical services has a decisive influence on the ability hinterland, lack of health areas highly dependent causing residents to a hospital.This article provides some suggestions for the abovementioned problems.
Abstract:Health care services are the core elements of the urban public service system. Hospital accessibility network and its decision network system of health care services play a decisive role in the facilitation of medical treatment for urban residents. A distribution map of hospitals in the main city of Dalian is generated using ArcGIS software. The average reach time of medical treatment in each district is calculated using the network analysis module. The average time of arrival is denoted as the evaluation index to discuss the accessibility of public transportation and private cars during peak and non-peak hours, as well as the spatial distribution characteristics and differences of each district and hospital. Moran's I index and LISA local clustering model are used to explore areas of inadequate medical services. The minimum available time of each district is set as a standard, the hinterland of medical service in hospitals at all levels was delimited, and the reasons for its formation were analyzed. Research shows that (1) the overall accessibility of medical care in the downtown district of Dalian is better, and the accessibility of peak and peak hours is in a circle. Relative to private cars, public transport at peak hours has obvious advantages for medical treatment. Peak and non-peak hours are quite different, average peak time average peak area of 10-20 min in a larger proportion of the cell, reaching 68.1%; (2) The hospital accessibility level is generally good, with a coverage area of 96.53% in 30min.. From the core area to the peripheral area, the influence of traffic resistance on reachability gradually increases. (3) The level of equalization of medical services at the street level is obviously different, and the overall spatial autocorrelation is weak. (4) Within each medical hinterland, the number and distance of the hospital's medical services has a decisive influence on the ability hinterland, lack of health areas highly dependent causing residents to a hospital.This article provides some suggestions for the abovementioned problems.
基金资助:Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.41571126); Dalian High-level Talent Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project (No.2016RQ050)
通讯作者:
GUO Jian-ke
E-mail: 13998634597@163.com
引用本文:
郭建科, 邱煜焜, 白家圆, 王利. 基于城市公共交通可达性的医疗服务空间分异及均等化研究——以大连市为例[J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, 2019, 13(2): 80-89.
GUO Jian-ke, QIU Yu-kun, BAI Jia-yuan, WANG Li. Spatial Differentiation and Equalization of Medical Service Based on Accessibility of Urban Public Transport: A Case Study of Dalian. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, 2019, 13(2): 80-89.
[1] RIGOLON A. A Complex Landscape of Inequity in Access to Urban Parks:A Literature Review[J]. Landscape and Urban Planning,2016,153(9):160-169.
[2] GUPTA K, ROY A, LUTHRA K, et al. GIS Based Analysis for Assessing the Accessibility at Hierarchical Levels of Urban Green Spaces[J]. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening,2016,18:198-211.
[3] COMBER A, BRUNSDON C, GREEN E. Using a GIS-based Network Analysis to Determine Urban Greenspace Accessibility for Different Ethnic and Religious Groups[J]. Landscape and Urban Planning, 2008,86(1):103-114.
[4] LI Xiao-ma, LIU Chang-fu. Accessibility and Service of Shenyang's Urban Parks by Network Analysis[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2009, 29(3):1554-1562. (in Chines)
[5] WANG Jian-ying, HUANG Yuan-shui, YE Xin-cai. Layout Optimization of Rural Tourism Scenic Spots Based on Accessibility and Recreational Pressure[J]. Geography and Geo-Information Science, 2016, 32(5):110-114. (in Chines)
[6] HAN Yan-hong, LU Yu-qi. Accessibility Assessment and Planning of Public Service Facilities for Education:A Case Study on Senior High Schools in Yizheng City[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2012, 32(7):822-827. (in Chines)
[7] ZHANG Xian-xian, LI Jiu-sheng, ZHAO Yuan, et al. Study on Accessibility and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Senior High Schools in Nanjing[J]. Science of Surveying and Mapping, 2015, 40(11):111-114,186. (in Chines)
[8] SHEN Yi-ran, DU Qing-yun, LI Lang-jiao. Spatial Accessibility Analysis of Education Resources by Modified Floating Catchment Area Methods[J]. Science of Surveying and Mapping, 2016,41(3):122-126.(in Chines)
[9] TAO Zhuo-lin, CHENG Yang, DAI Te-qi. Measuring Spatial Accessibility to Residential Care Facilities in Beijing[J]. Progress in Geography, 2014, 33(5):616-624.(in Chines)
[10] DING Qiu-xian, ZHU Li-xia, LUO Jing. Analysing Spatial Accessibility to Residential Care Facilities in Wuhan[J]. Human Geography, 2016, 31(2):36-42. (in Chines)
[11] ZHANG Li, LU Yu-qi, ZHAO Yuan-zheng. Accessibility Assessment and Planning of Hospital:A Case Study on Yizheng City[J]. Human Geography, 2008,123(2):60-66. (in Chines)
[12] WU Jian-jun, KONG Yun-feng, LI Bin. The Spatial Accessibility Analysis of Rural Medical Facilities Based on GIS:A Case Study of Lankao County, Henan Province[J]. Human Geography, 2008,23(5):37-42. (in Chines)
[13] SONG Zheng-na,CHEN Wen. Measuring Spatial Accessibility to Health Care Facilities Based on Potential Model[J].Progress in Geography,2009,28(6):848-854.(in Chines)
[14] MA Shu-hong,GE Yong,HU Mei-fang,et al. A Measurement Model of Highway Network Accessibility Based on Gravity Model[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2018,35(1):105-111,120. (in Chines)
[15] CAO Shu-ping. Spatial Accessibility Analysis of Rural Medical Resource:The Case of Yuanhui,Luohe[D]. Chongqing:Southwest University, 2009. (in Chines)
[16] ZHAO Peng. Research on Hospital Layout Optimization in Wuhan City[D]. Wuhan:Central China Normal University, 2011.(in Chines)
[17] HU Rui-shan, DONG Suo-cheng, HU Hao. A Two-step Floating Catchment Area (2SFCA) Method for Measuring Spatial Accessibility to Primary Healthcare Searvice in China:A Case Study of Donghai County in Jiangsu Province[J]. Progress in Geography, 2012,31(12):1600-1607.(in Chines)
[18] JIANG Yang-sheng, LUO Xiao-ling, LIU Yuan, et al. Study of Optimizing Transit Network Spatial Accessibility[J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, 2016,33(4):102-107.(in Chines)
[19] HOU Song-yan, JIANG Hong-tao. An Analysis on Accessibility of Hospitals in Changchun Based on Urban Public Transportation[J]. Geographical Research, 2014,33(5):915-925.(in Chines)
[20] XU Ke-shuai, LI Yu-rui. Optimizaiton of Ambulance Resources in Rural China:A Case Study of Dancheng County,Henan Province[J]. Human Geography, 2013, 28(1):105-109.(in Chines)
[21] CHEN Jian-guo, ZHOU Su-hong, LIU Lin, et al. Estimating the Effect of Traffic Congestion on Accessibility to Emergency Medical Care Services:Take Guangzhou as an Example[J]. Progress in Geography, 2016,35(4):431-439.(in Chines)
[22] ANSELIN L. Local Indicators of Spatial Association:LISA[J]. Geographical Analysis, 2010, 27(2):93-115.(in Chines)
[23] Xigang District People's Government of Dalian. Dalian Public Transport Network[EB/OL].[2018-01-15].http://www.dalianbus.com/index.asp. (in Chinese)
[24] CHEN Fang, JI Xiao-feng, JI Xuan, et al. The Measurement Method and Spatial Differentiation of Urban Transport Equity[J]. Economic Geography, 2015, 35(4):70-75,113.(in Chines)
[25] LI Xue-ming, DU Jing-yu. Research on Private Cars' Influence on Residential Space Based on Residents' Travel Behavior:Taking Dalian as an Example[J]. Geographical Research, 2007, 26(5):1033-1042. (in Chines)
[26] ZHANG Chun, LI Xiao-ning, MAN Yan-yun.Accessibility to Health Care Service of the Affordable Housing Residents in Beijing:Based on GIS Network Analysis[J]. Human Geography, 2017, 32(2):59-64. (in Chines)
[27] Gaode Software Co., Ltd. China's Major Cities Congestion Ranking[EB/OL].[2017-12-30].https://report.amap.com/index.do. (in Chinese) \
[28] MONDOU V. Daily Mobility and Adequacy of the Urban Transportation Network a GIS Application[J]. Cybergeo European Journal of Geography, 2001.
[29] El-GENEIDYA M, TÉTREAULT P R, SUPRENANT-LEGAULT J. Pedestrian Access to Transit:Identifying Redundancies and Gaps Using a Variable Service Area Analysis[C]//Transportation Research Board 89th Annual Meeting, Washington D. C.:Transportation Research Board, 2009.
[30] CHAPLEAU R, MORENCY C. Dynamic Spatial Analysis of Urban Travel Survey Data Using GIS[C]//25th Annual ESRI International User Conference Proceedings, San Diego:ESRI, 2005.
[31] HESS D B. Access to Public Transit and Its Influence on Ridership for Older Adults in Two US Cities[J]. Journal of Transport and Land Use, 2009, 2(1):3-27.
[1]
高阳, 陈小妮. 国内与东欧高速公路隧道机电设计方案对比研究[J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, 2019, 13(3): 70-79.
[2]
王世波, 赵金楼, 郑继兴, 李爱萍. 基于复杂网络的城市交通堵塞载荷再分配控制研究[J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, 2019, 13(3): 80-86.
[3]
毛剑楠, 刘澜, 康雷雷. 城市群客运网络节点重要度识别方法[J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, 2019, 13(3): 87-95.
[4]
何雅琴, 容煜伦, 柳祖鹏, 杜胜品. 基于水波涟漪的城市突发事件交通影响等级评价[J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, 2019, 13(3): 96-102.
[5]
李高盛, 彭玲, 李祥, 吴同. 基于LSTM的城市公交车站短时客流量预测研究[J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, 2019, 13(2): 65-72.
[6]
胡宝雨, 赵琥, 孙祥龙, 王弟鑫, 刘宁. 城市公交与农村客运同步换乘模型研究[J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, 2019, 13(2): 73-79.
[7]
赵妮娜, 赵晓华, 林展州, 葛书芳. 主线分流互通立交指路标志版面形式研究[J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, 2019, 13(2): 90-102.
[8]
姜明, 陈艳艳, 冯移冬, 周瑞. 路侧示警桩设置关键指标研究[J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, 2019, 13(1): 79-87.
[9]
蔡静, 刘莹, 张明辉. 京津冀货物运输结构调整策略研究[J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, 2019, 13(1): 88-93.
[10]
胡祖平, 何建佳. 基于网络可靠性的街区开放适宜度研究[J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, 2018, 12(4): 51-58.
[11]
陈红, 马晓彤, 赵丹婷. 基于元胞自动机的破损路面车辆换道仿真研究[J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, 2018, 12(4): 75-84.
[12]
李新, 毛剑楠, 骆晨, 刘澜. 基于MFD的路网可扩展边界控制方法研究[J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, 2018, 12(4): 59-65.
[13]
常云涛, 王奕彤. 连续流交叉口信号配时优化模型[J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, 2018, 12(4): 66-74.
[14]
林丽, 冯辉, 朱泳旭. 基于Ring-Barrier相位的干线公交协调控制[J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, 2018, 12(4): 85-91.
[15]
郝丽, 胡大伟, 李晨. T-JIT环境下企业供应链中采购管理供应商选择和订单分配研究[J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, 2018, 12(3): 80-89.