Earth Pressure Distribution Characteristics of Loess Subgrade Culvert
王枫1, 叶海林2, 樊垚江3, 苏和1, 张化杰3
1. Shanxi Transportation Planning Survey & Design Academy Co., Ltd, Taiyuan Shanxi 030032, China;
2. Research Institute of Special Engineering and Design, Beijing 100028, China;
3. China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
Earth Pressure Distribution Characteristics of Loess Subgrade Culvert
WANG Feng1, YE Hai-lin2, FAN Yao-jiang3, SU He1, ZHANG Hua-jie3
1. Shanxi Transportation Planning Survey & Design Academy Co., Ltd, Taiyuan Shanxi 030032, China;
2. Research Institute of Special Engineering and Design, Beijing 100028, China;
3. China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
摘要To explore the earth pressure distribution characteristics of high-speed loess subgrade culvert and improve the structural design of high fill culvert, taking an arch culvert from Lingjingdian to Longbai section of East 2nd Ring Expressway Project in Taiyuan city of Shanxi Province as an example, numerical analysis model of high fill culvert was established by using CANDE-2007 finite element software. The culvert setting method and filling height are taken as the main influencing factors. The distribution characteristics of vertical earth pressure and settlement of the culvert are revealed. The variation of earth pressure coefficient at culvert top under different filling height is analyzed. The variation characteristics of earth pressure at culvert top with filling height under two kinds of culvert construction methods, namely, buried culvert and trench culvert, are compared. The influence of culvert construction method and soil arching effect on culvert stress is discussed. The earth pressure gauge is arranged in the upper soil of the arch culvert structure to record the measured earth pressure data, and the numerical simulation results are verified with the measured data. The results show that the settlement of the soil in the center of the culvert is obviously different from that on both sides of the culvert, which leads to the soil arching effect and is an important factor affecting the vertical soil stress at the top of the culvert; The earth pressure on the top of culvert increases linearly with the change of filling height; When the filling height is greater than 5 m, the earth pressure coefficient of the buried culvert increases sharply at first and then decreases slowly with the increase of the filling height, and the stress concentration occurs at the top of the culvert; However, the coefficient of earth pressure decreases with the increase of height and then tends to be stable, and the vertical earth pressure on the top of culvert decreases; The central settlement value of trench culvert is always greater than that of buried culvert at the same height; Compared with the field monitoring and numerical simulation results, the measured earth pressure is greater than the numerical simulation results, and the stress concentration on the top of the culvert is more obvious, which provides a reference for the culvert engineering design.
Abstract：To explore the earth pressure distribution characteristics of high-speed loess subgrade culvert and improve the structural design of high fill culvert, taking an arch culvert from Lingjingdian to Longbai section of East 2nd Ring Expressway Project in Taiyuan city of Shanxi Province as an example, numerical analysis model of high fill culvert was established by using CANDE-2007 finite element software. The culvert setting method and filling height are taken as the main influencing factors. The distribution characteristics of vertical earth pressure and settlement of the culvert are revealed. The variation of earth pressure coefficient at culvert top under different filling height is analyzed. The variation characteristics of earth pressure at culvert top with filling height under two kinds of culvert construction methods, namely, buried culvert and trench culvert, are compared. The influence of culvert construction method and soil arching effect on culvert stress is discussed. The earth pressure gauge is arranged in the upper soil of the arch culvert structure to record the measured earth pressure data, and the numerical simulation results are verified with the measured data. The results show that the settlement of the soil in the center of the culvert is obviously different from that on both sides of the culvert, which leads to the soil arching effect and is an important factor affecting the vertical soil stress at the top of the culvert; The earth pressure on the top of culvert increases linearly with the change of filling height; When the filling height is greater than 5 m, the earth pressure coefficient of the buried culvert increases sharply at first and then decreases slowly with the increase of the filling height, and the stress concentration occurs at the top of the culvert; However, the coefficient of earth pressure decreases with the increase of height and then tends to be stable, and the vertical earth pressure on the top of culvert decreases; The central settlement value of trench culvert is always greater than that of buried culvert at the same height; Compared with the field monitoring and numerical simulation results, the measured earth pressure is greater than the numerical simulation results, and the stress concentration on the top of the culvert is more obvious, which provides a reference for the culvert engineering design.
王枫, 叶海林, 樊垚江, 苏和, 张化杰. Earth Pressure Distribution Characteristics of Loess Subgrade Culvert[J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, 2021, 15(3): 11-19.
WANG Feng, YE Hai-lin, FAN Yao-jiang, SU He, ZHANG Hua-jie. Earth Pressure Distribution Characteristics of Loess Subgrade Culvert. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, 2021, 15(3): 11-19.
[1] MARSTON A. The Theory of External Loads on Closed Conduits in the Light of the Latest Experiments[R].Ames:Iowa Engineering Experiment Station, 1930.
[2] BENNETT R M, WOOD S M, DRUMM E C, et al. Vertical Loads on Concrete Box Culverts under High Embankments[J]. Journal of Bridge Engineering, 2005, 10(6):643-649.
[3] LABUZ J F, THEROUX B. Laboratory Calibration of Earth Pressure Cells[J]. Geotechnical Testing Journal, 2005, 28(2):188-196.
[4] SUN L, HOPKINS T, BECKHAM T. Stress Reduction by Ultra-lightweight Geofoam for High Fill Culvert:Numerical Analysis[C]//Proceedings of the 13th Great Lakes Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Conference. Milwaukee:American Society of Civil Engineers, 2005:146-154.
[5] KIM K, YOO C H. Design Loading on Deeply Buried Box Culverts[J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 2005, 131(1):20-27.
[6] YANG Xi-wu, ZHANG Yong-xing. A Study on the Earth Pressure Theory for High Fill Culverts[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal, 2005, 38(9):119-124. (in Chinese)
[7] YANG Xi-wu, ZHANG Yong-xing. Study on Arch Action and Earth Pressure Theory for Culverts under High Embankment[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2005, 24(21):89-95. (in Chinese)
[8] LI Sheng, MA Li, WANG Qi-cai, et al. Model Tests and Numerical Simulations of Earth Pressure for Unloading Structures of High Fill Open Cut Tunnel[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2016, 38(4):636-642. (in Chinese)
[9] ZHAO Jian-bin, SHEN Jun-min, DONG Li-shan. Field Test and Numerical Simulation of Mechanical Characteristic of Culverts under High Embankments[J]. Journal of Zhengzhou University:Engineering Science Edition, 2014, 35(3):111-115. (in Chinese)
[10] CAO Zhou-yang, GU An-quan, YANG Feng-yun. Vertical Earth Pressure Calculation and Reducing-load Technology Application for Positive Buried Culvertss[J]. Journal of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, 2018, 16(4):231-235. (in Chinese)
[11] FENG Zhong-ju, LI Shao-jie, DONG Yun-xiu, et al. Vertical Earth Pressure Distribution Characteristics and Calculation Theory of High Fill Culvert[J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, 2019, 36(12):69-78. (in Chinese)
[12] HAO Yu-meng, FENG Zhong-ju, LI Shao-jie, et al. Study of the Factors Affecting the Top Stress Concentration of Slab Culvert on High Filled Section in Mountainous Area[J]. Highway, 2019(1):31-37. (in Chinese)
[13] ZHANG Hua-jie. Study on Distribution Characteristics of Earth Pressure on High Fill Culvert in Loess Gully Region[D]. Beijing:China University of Geosciences, 2020. (in Chinese)
[14] LI Zhi-yi, YANG Yu-yun. Introduction to Engineering Geology[M]. Beijing:China University of Geosciences Press, 2006. (in Chinese)
[15] ZHAO Yong-hu, MI Wei-jun, SUN Run-dong, et al. Research on the Effect of Ground Treatment Measures of Highway Culvert in Collapsible Loess Area[J]. Journal of Railway Engineering Society, 2017, 34(1):6-10. (in Chinese)
[16] ZHAO Yong-hu, MI Wei-jun, SUN Run-dong, et al. Study of Characteristics for Defects of Expressway Culvert in Loess Area[J].Highway, 2017(6):34-38. (in Chinese)
[17] SUN Run-dong. Investigation of Culvert Damages and Field Test of Ground Treatment for Loess Area Culverts[J]. Highway, 2020(4):19-22. (in Chinese)
[18] GB 50010-2010, Code for Design of Concrete Structures[S]. (in Chinese)
2021, Vol. 15 
